This document will refer mainly to the conversion settings as found in theconversion dialog, pictured below. All these settings are also available viacommand line interface to conversion, documented at ebook-convert. Incalibre, you can obtain help on any individual setting by holding your mouse overit, a tooltip will appear describing the setting.
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The transforms that act on the XHTML output are where all the work happens. There are varioustransforms, for example, to insert book metadata as a page at the start of the book,to detect chapter headings and automatically create a Table of Contents, to proportionallyadjust font sizes, et cetera. It is important to remember that all the transforms act on theXHTML output by the Input plugin, not on the input file itself. So, for example, if you ask calibreto convert an RTF file to EPUB, it will first be converted to XHTML internally,the various transforms will be applied to the XHTML and then the Output plugin willcreate the EPUB file, automatically generating all metadata, Table of Contents, et cetera.
You can see this process in action by using the debug option . Just specify the path toa folder for the debug output. During conversion, calibre will place the XHTML generated bythe various stages of the conversion pipeline in different sub-folders.The four sub-folders are:
If you want to edit the input document a little before having calibre convert it, the best thing todo is edit the files in the input sub-folder, then zip it up, and use the ZIP file as theinput format for subsequent conversions. To do this use the Edit meta information dialogto add the ZIP file as a format for the book and then, in the top left corner of the conversion dialog,select ZIP as the input format.
One of the nicest features of the e-reading experience is the ability to easily adjust font sizes tosuit individual needs and lighting conditions. calibre has sophisticated algorithms to ensure thatall the books it outputs have a consistent font sizes, no matter what font sizes are specifiedin the input document.
The base font size of a document is the most common font size in that document,i.e., the size of the bulk of text in that document. When you specify aBase font size, calibre automatically rescales all font sizes in the documentproportionately, so that the most common font size becomes the specified base font size and otherfont sizes are rescaled appropriately. By choosing a larger base font size, you can make the fontsin the document larger and vice versa. When you set the base font size, for best results, you shouldalso set the font size key.
Normally, calibre will automatically choose a base font size appropriate to the output profile youhave chosen (see Page setup). However, you can override this here in case the default isnot suitable for you.
Text can be either justified or not. Justified text has extra spaces betweenwords to give a smooth right margin. Some people prefer justified text, othersdo not. Normally, calibre will preserve the justification in the originaldocument. If you want to override it you can use the Textjustification option in this section.
You can also tell calibre to Smarten punctuation which will replaceplain quotes, dashes and ellipses with their typographically correct alternatives.Note that this algorithm is not perfect so it is worth reviewing the results.The reverse, namely, Unsmarted punctuation is also available.
Normally, paragraphs in XHTML are rendered with a blank line between them and no leading textindent. calibre has a couple of options to control this. Remove spacing between paragraphsforcefully ensure that all paragraphs have no inter paragraph spacing. It also sets the textindent to 1.5em (can be changed) to mark the start of every paragraph.Insert blank line does theopposite, guaranteeing that there is exactly one blank line between each pair of paragraphs.Both these options are very comprehensive, removing spacing, or inserting it for all paragraphs(technically and tags). This is so that you can just set the option and be sure thatit performs as advertised, irrespective of how messy the input file is. The one exception iswhen the input file uses hard line breaks to implement inter-paragraph spacing.
This is the most powerful styling related facility. You can use it to definerules that change styles based on various conditions. For example you can useit to change all green colors to blue, or remove all bold styling from the textor color all headings a certain color, etc.
This option controls the algorithm calibre uses to remove hard line breaks. For example, if the value of thisoption is 0.4, that means calibre will remove hard line breaks from the end of lines whose lengths are lessthan the length of 40% of all lines in the document. If your document only has a few line breaks which needcorrection, then this value should be reduced to somewhere between 0.1 and 0.2.
If your document does not have chapter headings and titles formatted differently from the rest of the text,calibre can use this option to attempt to detect them and surround them with heading tags. tags are usedfor chapter headings; tags are used for any titles that are detected.
If this option is configured then calibre will replace scene break markers it finds with the replacement text specified by theuser. Please note that some ornamental characters may not be supported across all reading devices.
calibre will analyze all hyphenated content in the document when this option is enabled. The document itself is usedas a dictionary for analysis. This allows calibre to accurately remove hyphens for any words in the document in any language,along with made-up and obscure scientific words. The primary drawback is words appearing only a single time in the documentwill not be changed. Analysis happens in two passes, the first pass analyzes line endings. Lines are only unwrapped if theword exists with or without a hyphen in the document. The second pass analyzes all hyphenated words throughout the document,hyphens are removed if the word exists elsewhere in the document without a match.
Some documents use a convention of defining text indents using non-breaking space entities. When this option is enabled calibre willattempt to detect this sort of formatting and convert them to a 3% text indent using CSS.
The search works by using a Python regular expression. All matched text is simply removed fromthe document or replaced using the replacement pattern. The replacement pattern is optional, if left blankthen text matching the search pattern will be deleted from the document. You can learn more about regular expressionsand their syntax at All about using regular expressions in calibre.
Structure detection involves calibre trying its best to detect structural elements in the input document, when they are notproperly specified. For example, chapters, page breaks, headers, footers, etc. As you can imagine, this process varies widelyfrom book to book. Fortunately, calibre has very powerful options to control this. With power comes complexity, but if once youtake the time to learn the complexity, you will find it well worth the effort.
calibre has two sets of options for chapter detection and inserting page breaks. This can sometimes beslightly confusing, as by default, calibre will insert page breaks before detected chapters as well as the locations detected bythe page breaks option. The reason for this is that there are often location where page breaks should be inserted that are notchapter boundaries. Also, detected chapters can be optionally inserted into the auto generated Table of Contents.
calibre uses XPath, a powerful language to allow the user to specify chapter boundaries/page breaks. XPath can seem a little dauntingto use at first, fortunately, there is a XPath tutorial in the User Manual. Remember that Structure detectionoperates on the intermediate XHTML produced by the conversion pipeline. Use the debug option described in theIntroduction to figure out the appropriate settings for your book. There is also a button for a XPath wizardto help with the generation of simple XPath expressions.
A related option is Chapter mark, which allows you to control what calibre does when it detects a chapter. By default,it will insert a page break before the chapter. You can have it insert a ruled line instead of, or in addition to the page break.You can also have it do nothing.
One of the great things about calibre is that it allows you to maintain very complete metadataabout all of your books, for example, a rating, tags, comments, etc. This option will createa single page with all this metadata and insert it into the converted e-book, typically justafter the cover. Think of it as a way to create your own customised book jacket.
Sometimes, the source document you are converting includes the cover as part of the book, insteadof as a separate cover. If you also specify a cover in calibre, then the converted book will havetwo covers. This option will simply remove the first image from the source document, therebyensuring that the converted book has only one cover, the one specified in calibre.
When the input document has a Table of Contents in its metadata, calibre will just use that. However,a number of older formats either do not support a metadata based Table of Contents, or individualdocuments do not have one. In these cases, the options in this section can help you automaticallygenerate a Table of Contents in the converted e-book, based on the actual content in the input document.
The first option is Force use of auto-generated Table of Contents. By checking this optionyou can have calibre override any Table of Contents found in the metadata of the input document with theauto generated one.
The default way that the creation of the auto generated Table of Contents works is that, calibre will first tryto add any detected chapters to the generated table of contents. You can learn how to customize the detection of chaptersin the Structure detection section above. If you do not want to include detected chapters in the generatedtable of contents, check the Do not add detected chapters option. 2ff7e9595c
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